5 Evidences that Shows the Speed of Photon Is 3.3 C

In this paper, we will introduce some reasons that show the actual and true speed of photons is 3.3 C, not C. These five reasons are as follows:

1. Calculation of the wave-like speed of photons

In the article “ New Discoveries About the Speed of Electromagnetic Waves 2024 Part B ”, by Saleh Research Group had calculated the wave-like speed of photons, where we have proved that the photon must have a speed of 3.3 C.

2. University of Michigan and MIT experiments

Drawing upon the experiments conducted at the University of Michigan and MIT, the energy formulation for photons at exceedingly short distances, specifically at time t=ϵ reveals a discrepancy with the perpetually held Planck relation. If the photon speed is “C”, the calculated energy (E_p = m_p C²) is 1000% greater (ten times) than the experimental values – or, put another way, ten times the energy of a photon travelling at the speed of light. In light of those mentioned above, a revised energy equation for the photon can be articulated as follows: V_T = 3.3 C.

3. Maxa. Planck's energy formula

As we mentioned in previous articles, photons have constant rest mass (m_p) and velocity, and their kinetic energy equation can be written as follows:

On the other hand, according to Planck's equation, the energy of electromagnetic waves (including the visible light spectrum) is as follows:

If the used velocity V=C were correct, the kinetic energy of the photon would be the same as the energy obtained from Planck's experimental equation. But in the article “ A New Proof of Photon Velocity (V_T = 3.3 C) Utilising Ever-True Planck Energy Equation and Kinetic Energy Equation in the Universe 2025 Part B ” we have proved that if we take into account the value of speed equal to “C”, we get a paradox, but with a speed of “3.3 C” the energy value obtained from the kinetic energy equation will be the same as the energy value from Planck's experimental equation.

4. Young's double-slit experiment

Emitted photon motion is wave-like as Young’s double-slit experiment has been demonstrated. That must be because of its source motion. The path of a photon emitted from an electron orbiting the atomic nucleus and spinning on its own axis is the sum of a projectile and two rotational motions. Therefore, its total velocity is also the sum of these velocities, which is equal to: V_T = 3.3 C

5. Motion and generation model of photons

The birthplace of a photon is an electron orbiting around the atomic nucleus. When we induce energy changes in the electron, exciting an electron, it emits a photon. Therefore, the photon undergoes projectile motion. However, the electron rotates at a speed close to the speed of light around the nucleus, and the combination of this motion with the projectile motion of the photon results in the released photon having both rotational and linear motion simultaneously. The combination of these two paths creates a helical path. The true speed of the photon is, in fact, the speed in this helical path, which can be calculated.

References:

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